Bifidobacterium mizhiense sp. nov., isolated from the gut of honeybee (Apis mellifera)

Abstract

A novel bifidobacteria (designated S053-2T) was isolated from the gut of honeybee (Apis mellifera). Strain S053-2T was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The result of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain S053-2T was phylogenetically related to the type strains of Bifidobacterium asteroides , Bifidobacterium indicum , Bifidobacterium actinocoloniiforme , Bifidobacterium xylocopae , Bifidobacterium coryneforme , Bifidobacterium apousia , Bifidobacterium choladohabitans and Bifidobacterium polysaccharolyticum , and had 95.5–99.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain S053-2T was most closely related to the type strain of B. asteroides , having 99.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Strain S053-2T had relatively low (91.6–95.7 %) pheS, atpA, clpC, dnaG, fusA, glnA, glyS, hsp60, argS, pyrG and recA sequence similarities to the type strain of B. asteroides . Strain S053-2T had 94.5–95.3% atpA, clpC, dnaG, dnaK and pyrG sequence similarities to the type strain of B. apousia . The phylogenomic tree indicated that strain S053-2T belonged to the B. asteroides group, and was most closely related to the type strains of B. asteroides , B. apousia , B. choladohabitans and B. polysaccharolyticum , and distantly related to type strains of other phylogenetically related species in the B. asteroides group. Strain S053-2T shared the highest average nucleotide identity (ANI, 93.8 %), digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH, 52.4 %) and average amino acid identity (AAI, 95.6%) values with B. apousia W8102T. Strain S053-2T shared 91.1 % ANI, 41.9 % dDDH and 92.5 % AAI values with B. asteroides DSM 20089T. Acid production from l-arabinose, d-xylose, d-mannose, amygdalin, cellobiose, maltose, melibiose, sucrose, raffinose, gentiobiose and l-fucose, and activity of esterase lipase (C8) and α-fucosidase could differentiate strain S053-2T from B. asteroides DSM 20089T. Acid production from d-mannose, maltose, sucrose, melezitose and gentiobiose, and activity of α-fucosidase could differentiate strain S053-2T from B. apousia W8102T. Based upon the data obtained in the present study, a novel species, Bifidobacterium mizhiense sp. nov., is proposed, and the type strain is S053-2T (=JCM 34710T=CCTCC AB 2021129T).