Mental Health and Well-Being of LGBTQI+ Persons

Abstract

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex (LGBTQI) persons often experience violations of their human rights. Due to persistent social barriers, severe discrimination and human rights violations, social isolation and loneliness, as well as mental health conditions, are reported to be experienced widely among LGBTQI persons globally. Studies have shown that symptoms and diagnoses of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, and self-harm and suicidal attempts are reported higher among LGBTQI persons. Risk factors include factual and perceived discrimination, internalized phobia, violence, unsuccessful coping strategies, lack of sense of belonging, self-stigma, concealment-openness of their sexual orientation and gender identity, rejection by family members and friends, and lack of LGBTQI communities nearby. Further research with special attention to marginalized LGBTQI persons is warranted, together with enhancing awareness, data collection, policy and legal systems and the capacity of key stakeholders to promote and protect the human rights and mental health of LGBTQI persons.