Exploring the Function of Inflammatory Routes in Insulin Resistance: Interpreting the Inflammatory Veil of Medusa

Abstract

A common component of metabolic diseases including metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance is now known to be closely linked to persistent low-grade inflammation. This chapter explores the intricate connection between insulin resistance and inflammatory pathways, clarifying the molecular processes that underlie inflammation-induced insulin resistance. We examine the part that important inflammatory mediators play in upsetting insulin signalling pathways and encouraging insulin resistance, including cytokines, chemokines, and adipokines. We also go over how inflammatory signalling cascades, like the JNK and NF-κB pathways, affect insulin sensitivity and cellular metabolism. Understanding the interaction between insulin resistance and inflammation can help to better understand the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases and identify possible treatment targets. In people who are at risk of developing issues associated with insulin resistance, strategies targeted at reducing inflammatory responses may be able to reduce insulin resistance and enhance metabolic health.