Abstract
The recent availability of several lines of novel therapeutic agents such as immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies; the widespread utilization of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; the use of advanced diagnostic techniques that allow risk stratification and monitoring of treatment responses; and the general improvement in health care have revolutionized treatment of patients with multiple myeloma and this has translated into significant improvements in survival outcomes. Monitoring of minimal residual disease can guide the intensity of treatment, and the efficient application of modern diagnostic tools in monitoring treatment responses in real-world clinical practice can hopefully be achieved in the near future. The recent use of quadruplet regimens in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma has translated into unprecedented treatment responses and survival outcomes. Also, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies represent a new dimension in the precision medicine in MM. Additionally, our ability to induce deep responses has improved, and the treatment goal in myeloma patients tolerating the recommended therapy has moved from delay of disease progression to induction of the deepest possible response.