Proper Understanding of the Natures of Electric Charges and Magnetic Flux

Abstract

According to an analogy between the laws that characterize the flow of heat, electric charges, and magnetic flux, and to results of Faraday’s experiments, the electric charge and the magnetic flux were defined and visualized in previous research as energy flux in the form of electromagnetic waves (EM) that have electric or magnetic potentials and that all potentials can be measured by the Volt. The proofs of such statements will be enlightened in this chapter. Recognizing the nature of electric charges as energy; the electric current, defined traditionally as the rate of flow of electric charges would have the unit of power, i.e., Watt. As the ammeter does not measure the power but measures, according to its definition, the quotient of the electric power divided by the electric potential, then its unit should be “Watt/Volt.” So, the ammeter does not measure an electric current if it is defined as the rate of flow of electric charges. However, the unit “Watt/Volt” of the ammeter’s readings is distinguished as a unit of a property of the electric field that defines the capacity of the electric field to allow flow of a definite rate of electric energy by force of a unit of the electric potential, i.e., by 1 Volt. It will be shown in the presented study that this capacity measures also the rate of growth of one of the physical properties of the electric field which is called “entropy.” Hence, the ammeter measures acceptability of the electric field to the flow of electric power and measures the rate of generation of entropy, or destruction of exergy of the measured electric field. By analogy between the electric and magnetic energies, it will be proved that the magnetic fluxmeter measures also the quotient of the magnetic power divided by the magnetic potential and its unit “Watt/Volt” represents the rate of entropy generation in the magnetic field. So, recognizing the electric charge and magnetic flux as forms of energy, the SI system of units can be modified by deleting the Ampere as unneeded base unit. Such modification removes, as will be shown, redundancies in the traditional SI system of units and homogenize the units of thermal, electric, and magnetic fields. This chapter will present a study of the impacts of the new definitions of electric current and magnetic flux on proper explanation of phenomena in the field of electromagnetic and photoelectric effects, on proper understanding of the duality confusion and on the wireless power transfer that has a long history. At the end of this chapter, it will be shown how such proper understanding of fluxes leads to proper understanding of the nerve impulses and of the techniques of stimulating the neural systems for diagnosis of diseases of the neural systems.