MALT Stomach Lymphomas: Aspects of Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract

Marginal zone lymphoma (LMZ) accounts for 5–15% of all NHL in Europe. This option includes splenic (0.7%), nodal (2.4%) and extranodal (MALT-Mucosa-Associated Limphoid-Tissue) LMZ −5%. Extranodal variants of MALT lymphomas can occur in any organ due to chronic antigenic stimulation. The most frequent localization associated with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is the stomach - 30%. The gastrobiopsy material of 115 patients with lymphoid cell infiltrates in the gastric mucosa was studied, a complex of morphological diagnostic criteria for MALT gastric lymphoma for gastrobiopsy was developed based on a combination of histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of tumor cells, the nature of their growth. It is known that the mandatory initial therapy for local stages of Hp-positive MALT lymphoma of the stomach is the eradication of Hp. 68 patients with stages I – II of gastric MALT lymphomas were observed. Anti Hp therapy resulted in 87.8% of complete remissions, with a median duration of 51 months. The median time to the onset of Hp-eradication was 3 months, and the median time to the implementation of the antitumor process was 5.5 months. With a median follow-up of 58 months, the median overall and relapse-free survival was not achieved: 10-year OS - 100%, 10-year RFS - 92. 3%.