Band 3 protein: a critical component of Erythrocyte

Abstract

The erythrocyte membrane plays an important role in maintaining the structure, biological transport, and homeostasis of erythrocytes. The membrane consists of various unique proteins that serve specific functions. Band 3, an integral membrane protein of erythrocytes, constitutes about one-third of the membrane proteins. The amino-terminal region, positioned on the cytoplasmic side, comprises binding sites for hemoglobin, glycolytic enzymes, and ankyrin. Band 3 plays a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity by connecting the lipid bilayer to the underlying cytoskeletal network. It has a versatile role in cellular dynamics, intracellular trafficking, cellular aging, gas exchange, cellular adhesion, and erythropoiesis. Oxidative modifications in band 3 can be detrimental to membrane structure, compromising its integrity, functionality, and cellular interactions. The intricate chemistry between band 3 and various cellular components unravels its significance in erythrocyte physiology and aging. Therefore, it can be employed as a potential molecular target for therapeutic interventions.