Abstract
The advent of synthetic corticosteroids in the 20th century provided a vital breakthrough in the management of adrenal insufficiency. In this chapter we review the main indications and guidance for appropriate hormone replacement and also look into the management of therapy during special circumstances. For decades hydrocortisone has remained the cornerstone for glucocorticoid replacement but we explore the alternatives including recently introduced modified-release drug preparations and the future treatment considerations currently undergoing research and pre-clinical trials.