Balance impairments in COPD

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease (COPD) not only impacts pulmonary function but has deleterious impacts on musculoskeletal system and balance of patients. In any individual, balance is the result of interplay between musculoskeletal, neurological, and environmental aspects, and disturbance in any one or more can affect overall balance control. In COPD, balance impairments have been increasingly reported over the past few years. There are many multifactorial dimensions behind this rising trajectory. Berg balance scale, time up and go, single leg stance, and mini-balance evaluation system have been established as reasonable, valid, and effective tools for screening balance impairments in COPD. Additionally, amalgamation of balance training, tai chi exercises, and breathing exercises in a pulmonary rehabilitation regime have proven to be effective in improving balance and reducing fall risks in patients living with COPD.