Synthesis of Polyethylene-Based Materials, Ion Exchanger, Superabsorbent, Radiation Shielding, and Laser Ablation Applications

Abstract

Polyethylene (PE), ion exchangers and membranes, super absorbents, radiation shielding, and laser ablation are covered initially. In the second part, studies on polyethylene-based ion exchangers and membranes are given. Ion exchangers and membranes chemically modify copolymers to exchange ions in the electrolyte solution. The third segment covers research on polyethylene-based super absorbent copolymers and composites for water retention and heavy metal contamination removal. Super absorbent polymers are hydrophilic, water-insoluble polymers that absorb plenty of water. With their expansion capacity and user-friendliness, super absorbents are widely used in various fields such as biomedicine, drug distribution, personal care products, batteries, tissue engineering, construction, food packaging, heavy metal separation, electronics, cables, cosmetics, and agriculture. Polyethylene-based polymeric composites are used more to minimize radiation. PE’s high hydrogen concentration absorbs neutrons, making it a radiation shield. Block copolymers of polystyrene-b-poly-ethyleneglycol and boron nitride particles can make selenium dioxide a structural material and radiation barrier when paired with nanostructures. The fourth section examines the optical and conductivity properties of laser-ablated polyethylene nanocomposites with metal oxide nanoparticles. Laser ablation polishes metal, transparent materials, composites with surface and interior changes, and nanomaterials. Polymer laser ablation improves surface modification and thin layer deposition. Laser wavelength affects UHMWPE wettability.