Pyoverdine as an Important Virulence Factor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Antibiotic Resistance

Abstract

The World Health Organization has designated P. aeruginosa as a priority one pathogen due to the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. It is a common opportunistic pathogen among humans. Nosocomial pneumonia, hospital-acquired urinary tract infection, and surgical wound infections are all caused by it. P. aeruginosa causes significant rates of disease and death in immunocompromised people such as those who have had a bone marrow transplant, have cystic fibrosis, have had burns, or have AIDS. P. aeruginosa’s ability to cause such a wide range of infections is owing to its arsenal of virulence factors, which includes pyoverdine molecules, which are responsible for MDR strains. Pyoverdines are nonribosomal short peptides that are essential for bacterial pathogenicity because they serve as a signal molecule for the development of other virulence factors and contribute to antibiotic resistance. Because they are formed under iron-limiting conditions in the host environment, siderophores are required for iron uptake in the host.