Eruption Scenario Builder Based on the most Recent Fissure-Feed Lava-Producing Eruptions of the Arxan-Chaihe Volcanic Field (ACVF), NE China

Abstract

Fissure eruption is the most prominent type of Pleistocene to Holocene volcanism in Arxan-Chaihe Volcanic Field recording vent migration along fissures. This research is examined Sentinel Satellite Images to outline the youngest lava flows in the region in conjunction with field observations. Also, GIS-based analyses were performed with the aim to calculate the volumes of lava flows to determine the length of the lava flow emissions. Topographic cross sections and various geomorphological parameters (e.g., geomorphon and topographic position index) were used to reconstruct the pre-eruptive geomorphology of the region to simulate lava flow inundation using Q-LAVHA plug in the QGIS package. Pre-eruptive topography was created, and various simulations were used to obtain the best-fit lava inundation. This process yielded to estimate an average of 5 m lava flow thickness. The same parameters of the lava flow simulations were used to run on the post-eruptive topography to simulate future lava flow inundation. Results showed that the lava flows best simulate if they emitted along a NE–SE trending fissure between two young vent zones or in an extensive elongated area following the NW–SE trending valley axis initiated from the Yanshan vents.