Processing of Zirconia

Abstract

This chapter starts with an introduction, including zircon, zircon structure, zirconia ceramics and their structures as they exhibit a distinct crystal structure at various temperatures while maintaining the same chemical composition. Then the properties of zirconia including mechanical, tribological, and electrical properties and thermal conductivity, were discussed. Zirconia’s properties offer excellent resistance to corrosion and chemicals. When compared to other high-tech ceramic materials, zirconia is very robust at room temperature. The processing of zirconia was explained, starting with the purification of zirconium compounds followed by powder processing of zirconia, colloidal processing of zirconia, additive manufacturing, and zirconia treatments. Zirconia ceramics are processed from their raw ingredients in order to modify and enhance their physical and chemical characteristics and make them more suitable for use in future processes and in the production of finished goods. Various analysis methods of zirconia, including powder processing and sintering, microstructural analysis, phase characterization, mechanical testing, and tribological characterization were discussed. The last section in the chapter discusses the nano zirconia (ZrO2 nanoparticles). In addition to photocatalytic and piezoelectric uses, dental and optical coatings, nano zirconia has additionally been employed as a catalyst in a variety of organic interactions. It appears in the cubic, tetragonal, and monoclinic structural phases.