Abstract
Testosterone is a key compound of the anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) family. It has largely been misused in human and animal doping targeting a muscle tissue growth and an enhancement of performances. Such practices constitute a violation against ethical values, food safety, and animal welfare. Consequently, the use of such substance is regulated by WADA and International committees for some animal species such as equine and bovine. Although efficient, the detection of testosterone misuse remains challenging in some cases due to its endogenous origin and its inter- and intra-individual level fluctuation in biological fluids. Novel analytical strategies have been developed and are continuously evolving in order to tackle this issue and to provide a better control of testosterone misuse.
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