Author:
Wiyarta Elvan,Karima Nayla
Abstract
The heart has an intrinsic conduction system that consists of specialized cells. The heart receives extensive innervation by both sympathetic and parasympathetic systems of the ANS. The ANS influences most heart functions by affecting the SA node, AV node, myocardium, and small and large vessel walls. The sympathetic system carries an excitatory effect on heart functions. Conversely, the parasympathetic system has inhibitory effects on heart functions. ANS abnormalities in terms of anatomy and physiology can cause various heart abnormalities. ANS abnormalities associated with electrical abnormalities can cause a variety of heart manifestations. Besides electrical abnormalities, ANS also correlates with ischemic heart disease. Following electrical and ischemic instability, ANS also have direct effect on action potential duration restitution. By understanding the mechanism of influence of the anatomy and physiology of the ANS heart and its influence on various heart abnormalities, we can determine the appropriate therapeutic approaches. Therapeutic approaches in neurocardiology fall into two focuses: applying novel treatment and interaction of non-drug and multiple drugs treatments.
Reference28 articles.
1. Lemieux J, Edelman E, Strichartz G, Lilly L. Normal cardiac structure and function. In: Lilly L, editor. Pathophysiology of Heart Disease: A Collaborative Project of Medical Students and Faculty. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2016. pp. 7-25
2. Gordan R, Gwathmey JK, Xie LH. Autonomic and endocrine control of cardiovascular function. World Journal of Cardiology. 2015;7(4):204-214
3. Battipaglia I, Lanza G. The autonomic nervous system of the heart. In: Slart R, Tio R, Elsinga P, Schwaiger M, editors. Autonomic Innervation of the Heart. New York: Springer; 2015. pp. 1-11
4. Asmundis C, Camp G, Brugada P. Electrophysiology and pathophysiology of the autonomic nervous system of the heart. In: Slart R, Tio R, Elsinga P, Schwaiger M, editors. Autonomic Innervation of the Heart. New York: Springer; 2015. pp. 14-56
5. Huang WA, Boyle NG, Vaseghi M. Cardiac innervation and the autonomic nervous system in sudden cardiac death. Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics. 2017;9(4):665-679
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献