Abstract
Eosinophils are white blood cells. They are found in various cellular arrays. Eosinophils play a role in the fight against many parasitic infections. Eosinophilic asthma, nasal polyps, eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders, polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis are diseases referring hypereosinophilic syndrome. Eosinophil granules participate in tissue healing, damage, repair and restructuring processes thanks to proteins and chemical mediators. Interleukin (IL)-5, IL-4, and IL-13′ play a role in the proliferation, maturation, activation, and recruitment of eosinophils. Eosinophils have receptors for various cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules that allow them to participate in inflammatory activities. In response to stimuli, eosinophils may release a range of granule proteins, including major basic proteins (MBPs) 1–2, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil peroxidase (EPX), eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), cytokines, and cytosolic Charcot-Leyden crystal protein/ galectin-10 (CLC/Gal-10). Eosinophils participate in a variety of biological processes and contribute to both normal and pathological processes. Improvements can be made in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of these diseases. It has led to the development of new therapeutics for eosinophilic inflammatory diseases.