Postoperative Evaluation of Retinal and Choroidal Perfusion in Diabetic Tractional Retinal Detachment

Abstract

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is useful for quantitative analyses of different choroidal and retinal vascular plexuses. Highlighting postoperative choroidal and retinal perfusion outcomes in patients who have undergone successful tractional retinal detachment (TRD) repair is crucial for understanding the impact of this condition on postoperative visual acuity. This chapter describes postoperative perfusion outcomes, such as vessel density (VD) quantified in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses of the retina and choroidal perfusion markers, such as the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) and choriocapillaris flow area (CFA). In this analysis, superficial and deep capillary plexuses were quantified, and the CVI and CFA were significantly lower in the surgical group (P = 0.0011), with median CVIs of 57.95% and 2.28 mm2 in the control group and 44.41% and 1.38 mm2 in the surgical group, respectively. Definitive correlations were shown between alterations in the structure of the retina and choroid after surgery and visual dysfunction in diabetic individuals. The CVI and CFA can be used as quantitative measures to evaluate choroidal damage in postoperative patients with traction retinal detachment. The CVI serves as a dependable quantitative biomarker for evaluating the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) or for tracking postoperative eyes.