Abstract
This book chapter provides neuropsychiatric morbidities related to perioperative patient care including both surgeries under general or regional anaesthesia and postoperative intensive care. While detailed guidelines have been already developed for the perioperative care for patients with cardiac comorbidities, guidelines for patients with pre-existing neuropsychiatric morbidities are currently limited. In particular, these limitations may affect non-cardiac surgical and non-neurosurgical patients, which is why it seems important to develop treatment guidelines which are applicable to patients undergoing major general surgeries under general or regional anaesthesia including postoperative intensive care. Hence—although provided neuropsychiatric aspects and morbidities related to anaesthesiologic perioperative patient care are applicable to all surgical disciplines—the provided treatment recommendations primarily apply to patients undergoing general surgeries.