Respiratory Support for Obstructive Syndromes

Abstract

This chapter will present data on the biomechanics of respiration and gas exchange in acute respiratory failure of obstructive etiology. This chapter delineates main general principles of respiratory support, including non-invasive ventilation, and “traditional” mechanical ventilation. The principles of choosing positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) depending on the auto-PEEP are substantiated. The most commonly used respiratory support parameters for obstructive acute respiratory failure are presented. It is argued that the volume control (VC) ventilation modality is preferable in patients with asthma, since in this regimen positive inspiratory pressure (PIP) and inspiratory plateau pressure (Pplat) can be directly controlled, in contrast to the pressure control (PC) ventilation modality. The main options for selecting the ventilation mode will be presented.