Pseudomonas aeruginosa Represents a Main Cause of Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAI) and Multidrug Resistance (MDR)

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic gram-negative bacterium, which associates with a wide range of diseases. This bacterial type is found commonly in the environment, such as soils and water. Also, it represents the main cause of hospital-acquired infections, which was associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality among aging and/or immunocompromised patients. Ps. aeruginosa contains virulence factors that made them able to transmit and also gave them the ability to resist many types of antibiotics. Therefore, it represents a major challenge for health workers. One of the main characterizations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is antibiotic resistance; this is associated with many types of genes that are encoded for different antibiotic resistance mechanisms. The efflux pump is a very important mechanism of this bacteria. Ps. aeruginosa can cause a wide range of diseases, such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections, ear infections, folliculitis, puncture wounds, cystic fibrosis, burn infections, endocarditis, endophthalmitis, meningitis, and many others.