Biomechanical Aspects of the Static and Dynamic Patterns of the Feet of Runners with Plantar Fasciitis and Their Relationship with Sports Shoes

Abstract

The purpose of this literature review was to evaluate studies that have investigated static and dynamic biomechanical patterns of the feet in runners with plantar fasciitis, as well as their relationship with sports shoes and insoles prescription. Original articles with different design on this theme were considered. In general, the increase plantar load rates in runners with plantar fasciitis may be directly related to changes in the plantar arch (elevated) and the rearfoot alignment in pronation, as well as the effect of shoes or insoles to reduce heel pain. In summary, the clinical support of the literature review was showed that a decrease in the medial longitudinal arch induces greater mobility of the foot, which promotes a greater angle of rearfoot pronation to maintain the stability of the subtalar joint during static and dynamic feet support in activities, such as running. This results in a greater overload on the medial region of the calcaneus, producing greater stress on the plantar fascia, contributing to the development and progression of plantar fasciitis in runners. In addition, treatment of acute plantar fasciitis was associate to insoles while chronic phase associated for shoes ultra-flexible intermediate midsole for heel pain reduction and improvement foot biomechanics in runners with plantar fasciitis.