Abstract
Carbon sequestration mechanisms were developed as a land management strategy in the AFOLU sector. The principal land management strategies to obtain payment for ecosystem services include afforestation and restoration, soil carbon sequestration and bioenergy. Improvements in land management can then be traded for payments in two mechanisms—the compliance carbon market and voluntary carbon market. While the compliance market focuses on reducing carbon emissions at the national level in accordance with international agreements the voluntary markets have a multi-level focus working not only with governments but also emphasizes direct engagement with private sector to achieve global emission reduction goals. Each mechanism’s structure has benefits and drawbacks with one key shortcoming in both—the access to funding for communities reliant on forest ecosystems which directly impacts the effectiveness of the mechanism to improve land management.
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