Abstract
Cosmology has been evolving over an extended period. Even long before the rise of modern science, cosmology was primarily dominated by philosophical concepts concerning the relationship between the Earth and celestial bodies, as well as the nature of the universe itself. Since the formulation of the General Theory of Relativity (GTR), physics has deeply engaged in discussions about the universe’s history, often intertwined with the concepts of space and time. Even within the framework of the standard theory known as Big Bang cosmology, certain philosophical themes, including those related to spacetime, are inherently assumed. In this chapter, I will apply the concept of structural realism about spacetime, a conclusion drawn from contemporary philosophical debates grounded in GTR, to the field of physical cosmology. I will explore the origin of the universe and also delve into the concept of spacetime in the early micro universe, considering the emergence of spacetime.