Abstract
The multilateral system on migration is facing more and more significant and intersecting challenges: from the climate crisis, rising numbers in forced displacement, to labour needs in many parts of the world, and drastic changes to our world due to disruptive technologies—governments alone cannot address these complexities. This chapter delves into the role of non-state actors and cities in shaping global migration and refugee regimes, particularly in turbulent times. Drawing from extensive research and practical experience, the author examines the evolving landscape of global migration governance, focusing on the influence of non-state actors (NSAs) and cities. Key questions explored include the impact of global compacts on migration and refugees on NSA and city engagement, challenges and opportunities in global processes and fora, and the necessity of stakeholder involvement for effective migration governance. The chapter advocates—based on her research—for increased collaboration between international organizations, states, civil society, and cities, emphasizing the importance of inclusive decision-making to address the complexities of migration on a global scale.