Modalities of Measuring Intraocular Pressure: Updates and Advances

Abstract

Accurate measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) is a vital part of ocular hypertension management to prevent progression toward glaucoma. IOP remains as one of the only significantly treatable risk factors for glaucoma, thus illustrating the importance of tonometry. Our chapter intends to compare the various modalities of tonometry, including applanation, indentation, rebound, dynamic contour, and transpalpebral scleral palpation. Moreover, we will discuss advances that enable continuous 24-h IOP monitoring, including contact lens sensors and implantable microsensors and review implications for glaucoma diagnosis and management. We will consider aspects, such as mechanisms, accuracy and precision, ease of use, and possible limitations or complications of each modality.