Author:
Ali Jalali Far Mohammad,Eftekhar Zeinab
Abstract
Alloimmunization is the formation of antibodies against non-self-antigens from a different member of the same species due to exposure to them via transfusion, pregnancy, or transplantation. Further to ABO(H) alloantigens, more alloantibody reactivity toward RBCs appeared as a result of transfusion evolution. Considering that nowadays RBC polymorphisms include more than 300 distinct alloantigens, alloantibodies produced against these antigens can cause various complications such as hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) or hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) which are related to significant morbidity and mortality. It seems that different factors can influence alloimmunization such as genetic factors, underlying diseases, infection, and inflammation. It is said that expanded antigen matching of RBCs is the only way to reduce transfusion-associated alloimmunization in the future but there is no way to fully eliminate the development and consequences of alloimmunization. So, it seems additional investigations are needed in this field.