Use of the Advantages of Titanium in the Metal: Organic Framework

Abstract

Titanium is one of the most attractive elements, due to its unique advantages such as stability, recyclability, activity under light absorption, cheapness, and safety. The special characteristics of titanium include different oxidation states, high coordination number of Ti4+, and the ability to form strong bonds with oxygen and different ligands, making it a good candidate for the construction of the new composite named metal–organic framework or briefly MOF. MOFs are composites that have opened a new window toward the scientific world due to their special structure that makes them have some properties, including the highest surface activity, high porosity, tunable pore, and high flexibility in design that make them useful in different applications, such as gas storage and separation, liquid separation and purification, electrochemical energy storage, catalysis, and sensing. Titanium, due to the mentioned properties, has been used as a node in the structure of different MOFs and applied in different fields.