Author:
Sreedevi Sreedasyam,Krishna Gudikandula
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a prevalent viral respiratory infection that affects a significant number of children under five globally. RSV tends to have a more severe impact on premature newborns, young children, elderly folks, and those with weakened immune systems, as opposed to healthy adults. RSV is transferred through respiratory droplets by either coming into close contact with an infected person or touching objects that have been contaminated. The genetic material of RSV is composed of 11 proteins. Among these 11, two proteins facilitate the binding of the virus to the respiratory epithelial cells and the merging with host cells. After fusion, the viral material is transferred to the host cell, where viral reproduction occurs. Ongoing strategies encompass the creation of maternal vaccinations to safeguard newborns in their first months, monoclonal antibodies to offer rapid protection for up to 5 months, and pediatric vaccines for more enduring safeguarding. However, there is a need for enhancements in infection surveillance and reporting to enhance the detection of cases and gain a more comprehensive understanding of seasonal infection patterns. For the differential diagnosis of respiratory infections in children, it is recommended to utilize both rapid diagnostic assays and confirmatory laboratory testing.