The Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Current Findings and Future Directions

Abstract

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a crucial neurotrophic factor that plays an essential role in neuroplasticity and neurodevelopment. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects social interaction, communication, and behavior. The relationship between BDNF and ASD has been studied extensively, with conflicting results. While some studies suggest that decreased BDNF levels may contribute to the development of ASD, others do not confirm this finding. The effects of BDNF on synaptic plasticity and cognitive functions have also been investigated, with some studies indicating that BDNF may be associated with impairments in learning, memory, and attention in individuals with ASD. Additionally, physical exercise and cognitive and behavioral therapies may help alleviate ASD symptoms by increasing BDNF levels and enhancing neuroplasticity. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying the relationship between BDNF and ASD and to develop more effective treatment strategies for individuals with ASD.