Abstract
Schizophrenia is a serious mental health disorder that affects a person’s overall well-being. It is a functional psychosis in which severe personality changes and thought disorders occur with no evidence of organic cerebral damage. The disease manifestation primarily includes the presence of two types of symptoms “positive” and “negative.” Positive symptoms include delusions, illusions, auditory hallucinations, thought disorders with irrational conclusions, poor sentence formation, and stereotypic or aggressive behavior, whereas negative symptoms include withdrawn behavior, poor socialization, emotional dampening, absence of enthusiasm, and cognitive deficits. Usually, the onset is at the age of 15–30 years. Starting treatment as early as possible is an important step in the recovery process. Cognitive symptoms include problems in attention, concentration, and memory. Antipsychotic medications can help to alleviate the frequency and intensity of psychotic symptoms. These medications are usually taken in tablet or liquid form on a daily basis. Some antipsychotic medications are given as injections at intervals of 2–4 weeks. Psychosocial treatments help people find solutions to everyday challenges and manage symptoms while attending school, working, and forming relationships. Educational programs can help family and friends learn about symptoms of schizophrenia, treatment options, and strategies for helping loved ones with the illness.