Characteristics of the antiulcerogenic activity of cryopreserved placenta extract in acute and chronic lesions of the stomach

Abstract

To date, Ukraine has registered about 5 million patients with ulcer disease, and the market of drugs with proven anti-ulcer activity exceeds 500 names, but the problem of effective therapy is far from being solved. Cryoextract of the placenta attracted our attention as a new domestic biotechnological anti-ulcer agent. The purpose of the study. To characterize the antiulcer activity of cryoextract of human placenta in acute and chronic ulcerogenesis. Materials and methods. Studies of antiulcer activity were carried out on 56 male rats weighing 200–220 g in two stages: on the model of acute serotonin ulcerogenesis (28 rats) under the therapeutic and prophylactic regimen of placenta cryoextract and on the model of chronic acetic acid damage to the stomach (28 rats) under the therapeutic regimen application of the specified cryoextract. Results and discussion. The study showed that the therapeutic and prophylactic injection of the cryoextract of the placenta shows a pronounced antiulcer activity in the model of serotonin-induced gastric damage, which was indicated by a decrease in the ulcer index by 13.7 times compared to a similar indicator in the group of untreated animals and was 0.3 and 4, respectively. 1. Hemorrhagic lesions of the gastric mucosa occurred twice as often against the background of placenta cryoextract administration, respectively, against the background of esomeprazole administration – in 57.1% of rats, and against the background of placenta cryoextract administration – in 28.6% of rats. It was established that the investigated cryoextract has a cytoprotective effect on the mucous membrane of the stomach against the background of acetic acid damage. This was indicated by a statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in the ulcer index by 30.0% compared to the indicators of untreated animals. Conclusions. It was established that the cryoextract of the human placenta has pronounced antiulcer activity both in acute and chronic experimental ulcerogenesis, which was indicated by a statistically significant decrease in erosions and ulcers of the gastric mucosa.