Pandémie de Covid-19 dans une perspective des sciences de la nature. La pandémie de SARS-CoV-2 nous a-t-elle pris par surprise ? Mécanismes socio-écosystémiques d’induction du risque épidémiologique, exemple SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is the third human coronavirus detected in the 21st century. It was only a few weeks between the first cases of atypical severe respiratory disease in Wuhan, China (late 2019), and the identification of the virus, its genetic structure and the development of a PCR test (January 2020). What processes and mechanisms at the interface between nature and human activities are responsible for the emergence of the new coronavirus? How was it possible that the virus has spread among humans so quickly? Is the spread of the virus limited to the human population only? How do Anthropocene conditions favor pathogens such as SARSCoV-2? From a scientific point of view, the emergence of a new coronavirus is not surprising.