OD HETERONOMII DO (RELATYWNEJ) AUTONOMII. ROZWÓJ POLSKIEGO POLA SZTUKI W LATACH 1945–1981

Abstract

This article proposes to observe the post-1945 evolution of the Polish field of art from the point of view of the mechanisms that determined its functioning after the Second World War: from heteronomy, characteristic of the Socialist Realism period, to the relative autonomy achieved in the early 1980s. The author divides this history into three stages: 1945–1953 (post-war years and Socialist Realism), 1953–1964 (the Thaw, opening of borders), 1964–1981 (gradual weakening of the central cultural system controlled by the party-state authorities), which she then interprets in analogy to three artistic systems, which are widely discussed in the context of the development of the international field of art from the turn of the 18th century to the 1980s: the academic system, the dealer-critic system, and the dealer-curator system.