Abstract
Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) is a major perennial forage legume worldwide. In Greece, new cultivars have been introduced mainly from the USA, Australia and Italy. However, some of these cultivars have not been tested locally before their widespread release. A field experiment was conducted from 2013 to 2016 in central Greece to compare the performance of 22 lucerne genotypes, including both local Greek and introduced genotypes, under irrigated Mediterranean conditions. There were three harvests in 2013 and five in each of the following years. Measurements included annual and total dry matter (DM) yield, harvest ratios, quality traits and agronomic parameters. Yields after the second year declined by 11.9–26.4%, possibly due to summer heat stress and reduced plant survival. However, several semi-winter-active cultivars were more persistent (by 19.4%) than highly winter-active cultivars. Three local, semi-winter-active cultivars and one introduced highly winter-active cultivar were the top performers for total DM yield (63.8–67.3 t DM/ha). Forage nutritive values showed small differences among cultivars. Evaluation of seasonal yield distribution was effective for comparing adaptive responses of genotypes in relation to the winter activity effect. Spring harvest ratio was more indicative (r = 0.92) of genotype total DM yield than was plant survival (r = 0.70). Specifically, highly winter-active cultivars showed higher autumn and spring harvests (by 36.4% and 7.9%, respectively) than semi-winter-active cultivars, which produced higher summer yields (by 35.7%). A regional program to breed more winter-active genotypes, which can capitalise on the longer preceding season with greater stand persistence, heat tolerance, summer productivity and height (>82 cm) and with more nodes (>18), could be beneficial for forage yield increase under the anticipated climatic changes.
Subject
Plant Science,Agronomy and Crop Science
Reference63 articles.
1. Soil water extraction by dryland crops, annual pastures and lucerne in south-eastern Australia.;Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,2001
2. Annicchiarico P (2002) Genotype × environment interactions: challenges and opportunities for plant breeding and cultivar recommendations. Plant Production and Protection Paper 174. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.
3. Diversity, genetic structure, distinctness and agronomic value of Italian lucerne ( L.) landraces.;Euphytica,2006
4. Questions and avenues for lucerne improvement.;Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding,2010
5. Impact of landrace germplasm, non-conventional habit and regional cultivar selection on forage and seed yield of organically grown lucerne in Italy.;Journal of Agricultural Science,2012
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献