Abstract
An extension of previous work (Croft 1952)
on molecular compounds of graphite has led to the discovery of over 30 new molecular
compounds of the layer lattice type.
In addition, the experimental data
revealed some necessary conditions for compound formation. Thus, intercalation
was found to be most probable with multivalent chlorides of the transition
metals, but only when the latter are in their higher valence states. Chlorides
of all Group IIIA elements can also form molecular compounds with graphite.
Intercalation is related to the position of the cation of the test substance in
the periodic table. Molecular shape, polarity, and the covalent nature of the
test substance have little, if any, relation to its reactivity with graphite.
Graphite compounds formed from Group IIIA
chlorides are distinguished from those containing transition metal chlorides by
the possibility of hydrolysing intercalated cations of the former but not those
of the latter. The metal cations of graphite-ZrCl4 and graphite-YCl3
are also capable of hydrolysis in situ.
The results of this investigation suggest
the possibility of employing graphite compound formation to effect many
chemical separations and purifications.
Cited by
89 articles.
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