The Cloudy Universe

Abstract

AbstractModelling of extreme scattering events suggests that the Galaxy's dark matter is an undetected population of cold, AU-sized, planetary-mass gas clouds. None of the direct observational constraints on this picture—thermal/non-thermal emission, extinction and lensing—are problematic. The theoretical situation is less comfortable, but still satisfactory. Galactic clouds can survive in their current condition for billions of years, but we do not have a firm description for either their origin or their evolution to the present epoch. We hypothesise that the proto-clouds formed during the quark–hadron phase transition, thereby introducing the inhomogeneity necessary for compatibility with light element nucleosynthesis in a purely baryonic universe. We outline the prospects for directly detecting the inferred cloud population. The most promising signatures are cosmic-ray-induced Hα emission from clouds in the solar neighbourhood, optical and X-ray flashes arising from cloud–cloud collisions, ultraviolet extinction, and three varieties of lensing phenomena.