The concentration-dependent behaviour of nanoparticles

Abstract

Environmental context Studies of manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) in the environment have been performed almost exclusively at high NP concentrations. These data lead to misunderstandings related to NP fate and effects at relevant environmental concentrations, which are expected to be low. A better understanding of the concentration-dependent behaviour of NPs will improve our understanding of their fate and effects under environmentally realistic conditions. Abstract This rapid communication highlights the importance of nanoparticle concentration in determining their environmental fate and behaviour. Notably, two fate processes have been considered: dissolution and aggregation. The decrease in nanoparticle concentration results in increased dissolution and decreased aggregate sizes, inferring higher potential for environmental transport of nanoparticles.