Studies on the application of the quinhydrone electrode in formamide. V. The ionization constants of chloro- and phenyl-substituted acetic acids from E.M.F. measurements at different temperatures and the effect of substituents on the strength of acetic acid in formamide

Abstract

From the study of the cell ������������������ Ag-AgCl|KCl(m3), KA(m2), HA(m1), QH2-Q|Pt (where HA stands for acid) the ionization constants of chloroacetic acid in formamide have been determined at 25, 30 and 35�, and those of phenylacetic acid at nine different temperatures in the range 5-45�. The cell ������������������ Pt, H2|HA(m1), KA(m2), KCl(m3)|AgCl-Ag has also been used to redetermine the ionization constants of chloroacetic acid in formamide in the range 5-45�; the ionization constants of chloroacetic are in good agreement with those of an independent study. The effect of substituents on the strength of acetic acid has been examined in formamide.