Abstract
New Zealand’s shark fisheries have increased steadily since 1975 to
reach 17 000–19 000 t per year. Commercial fisheries catch mainly spiny
dogfish (Squalus acanthias), school shark
(Galeorhinus galeus), skates
(Raja nasuta and R. innominata),
ghost sharks (Hydrolagus novaezealandiae and
Hydrolagus sp.), rig
(Mustelus lenticulatus) and elephantfish
(Callorhinchus milii). School shark, rig and
elephantfish fisheries have long histories, and catches are limited by
Individual Transferable Quotas. Fisheries for spiny dogfish, skates and ghost
sharks have only developed since 1979. Spiny dogfish and skate landings are
partially regulated by total quotas. Other sharks are prohibited target
species. Blue (Prionace glauca), porbeagle
(Lamna nasus) and mako
(Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks are taken as by-catch of the
tuna longline fishery. There is a small recreational catch of spiny dogfish,
school shark, rig, mako shark and blue shark. Historically important Maori
fisheries for spiny dogfish, school shark and rig are now minor. A beach
netting programme has operated off Dunedin beaches since 1969 to protect
swimmers from shark attacks. Fisheries management measures include commercial
quotas, prohibitions on target fishing many species, recreational bag limits,
limits on set-net length, mesh size and soak time, and closure of many inshore
waters to set-netting, trawling and Danish seining.
Subject
Ecology,Aquatic Science,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Oceanography
Cited by
43 articles.
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