Soft Core–Hard Shell Silicone Hybrid Nanoparticles Synthesized by Miniemulsion Polymerization: Effect of Silicone Content and Crosslinking on Latex Film Properties

Abstract

Composite nanoparticles consisting of ‘soft’ silicone oil and ‘hard’ polyacrylate with core–shell morphology were obtained by a one-step synthesis via the miniemulsion process. Various parameters, i.e. the viscosity and amount of the silicone, the surfactant content, the (co)monomers affecting the particle size and morphology were studied. With an optimum hydrophilicity of the polymer shell, composite particles possessing a well-defined core–shell morphology were obtained as determined by transmission electron microscopy. The fully encapsulated silicone oil (40 wt-%) in a slightly crosslinked polyacrylate shell showed good film formation as revealed by atomic force microscopy. The ability to highly confine silicone oil in the composite film could clearly be evaluated from contact angle measurements. By finely changing the crosslink concentration in the polymeric shell, tunable hydrophobic properties of films cast from silicone core–polyacrylate shell latexes could be achieved. In addition, the high thermal resistance and excellent water-resistant properties of the film were shown by thermal gravimetric analysis and water swelling determination. These composite latexes are presented as new alternatives for practical utility in waterborne coatings.