Medical and demographic situation in the Amur region as the basis of health preservation

Abstract

Aim. To analyze medical and demographic situation and morbidity in the population of different age groups in the Russian Federation, the Far Eastern Federal District and the Amur Region in order to develop management decisions for the health protection of the population at the regional levels.Methods. Statistical and analytical analysis were conducted. The reports of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and Federal State Statistics Services were used as the material.Results. The mortality rates in the population of the Amur Region are higher than in the Far Eastern Federal District and in the Russian Federation for all years of analysis (2016–2020) and have amounted to 16.2 in 2020; 13.9; 14.6 per 1000 population respectively. In the Amur Region, mortality from injuries, poisoning and some other consequences of external causes is 2 times higher than in the Russian Federation; from diseases of the digestive system 1.6 times higher, from diseases of the respiratory system 1.5 times higher. Mortality from COVID-19 in the Amur Region is 84.3‰00, which is lower than in the Russian Federation (98.8). There is a higher rate of general morbidity in the Amur Region (2020, 162484.1 per 100 thousand population) compared to the Russian Federation (156111.4), and to the Far Eastern Federal District (146365.3), respectively. A significantly high incidence of diseases of the digestive system (16871.3‰00), compared to the Russian Federation (10092.1), and the Far Eastern Federal District (11230.8) has been noted. The incidence of COVID-19 in the Amur Region have decreased from 84678.4 per 100 thousand population (2019) to 80294.8‰00 (2020), while 3141.3‰00 cases have been registered in 2020; a 2.6-fold increase in the incidence of pneumonia has been observed for the first time. At the same time, the primary incidence of circulatory system diseases has decreased by 12.1%, which is the result of lacking dispensary and preventive services associated with the pandemic. The frequency of COVID-19 in the Amur Region in 2020 is 3141.3‰00, in the Russian Federation – 3384.5, in the Far Eastern Federal District – 3394.9, respectively. Higher rates of morbidity (2020) are noted in children – 166656.9 per 100 thousand of the corresponding population compared to the adolescents – 147023.43‰00, which is significantly higher compared to the entire population – 80294.83‰00.Conclusion. The results of the study should be used by government representatives to develop managerial decisions regarding the health of the population, especially the future generation.