Analisis Efisiensi Produksi Bawang Merah di Kabupaten Pati dengan Fungsi Produksi Frontier Stokastik COBB-DOUGLAS

Author:

Nurjati Eka,Fahmi Idqan,Jahroh Siti

Abstract

<strong>English</strong><br />Pati includes the prospective regencies for accelerating the growth rate and area diversification of shallot production in Central Java. However, the shallot production and productivity in Pati were unstable with a decreasing trend in recent years. The objective of this study is to evaluate the status and determinants of the shallot production efficiency using the Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function. The research was conducted in three production centers sub-districts, Wedarijaksa, Batangan, and Jaken, in October 2017. The primary data were collected by interviewing 33 respondents which were selected through the stratified sampling technique. The results indicated that shallot farmers were efficient technically, but not economically and allocatively. Two significant determinants of the technical efficiency were the length of farming experience (positively related) and farmers’ age (negatively related). The farmers group membership and access to extension services were not significant, but both have positive effects on technical efficiency. Production efficiency may be increased through inputs use optimization that include reducing of anorganic fertilizer, increasing the quantity of organic fertilizer and seed, using of the true shallot seed and implementation of Integrated Pest Management. Improving the functions of agriculture extentions and farmers’ groups should also enhance shallot farming efficiency.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Kabupaten Pati termasuk kabupaten di Jawa Tengah yang dipandang prospektif untuk percepatan peningkatan dan diversifikasi wilayah produksi bawang merah. Namun, produksi dan produktivitas bawang merah di Kabupaten Pati tidak stabil dan cenderung turun akhir-akhir ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status dan determinan efisiensi produksi bawang merah tersebut dengan fungsi produksi stokastik frontier Cobb-Douglas. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga kecamatan sentra produksi yaitu Wedarijaksa, Batangan, dan Jaken pada Oktober 2017. Data primer diperoleh dengan mewawancarai 33 orang responden yang dipilih secara stratified sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani bawang merah di Kabupaten Pati sudah efisien secara teknis, namun belum efisien secara ekonomis dan alokatif. Ditemukan dua faktor yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap efisiensi teknis, yaitu lama pengalaman menjadi petani (berpengaruh positif) dan umur petani (berpengaruh negatif). Keanggotaan kelompok tani dan akses penyuluhan berpengaruh positif, namun tidak nyata. Efisiensi dapat ditingkatkan melalui optimalisasi penggunaan input-input produksi, termasuk dengan mengurangi jumlah penggunaan pupuk anorganik, menambah jumlah pupuk organik dan benih, menggunakan benih jenis biji botani, dan menerapkan sistem Pengendalian Hama Terpadu. Peningkatan fungsi penyuluh pertanian dan kelompok tani termasuk strategi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi usaha tani bawang.

Publisher

Indonesian Agency For Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD)

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