Peranan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh dalam Perbanyakan Tanaman melalui Kultur Jaringan

Abstract

<p>The Role of Growth Regulator in Tissue Culture Plant<br />Propagation. Endang G. Lestari. In plant tissue culture,<br />growth regulator has significant roles such as to control root<br />and shoot development in the plant formation and callus<br />induction. Cytokinin and auxin are two prominent growth<br />regulator. Cytokinin consists of BA (benzil adenin), kinetin<br />(furfuril amino purin), 2-Ip (dimethyl allyl amino purin), and<br />zeatin. While auksin covers IAA (indone acetic acid), NAA<br />(napthalene acetic acid), IBA (indole butiric acid) 2.4-D (2.4-<br />dicholophenoxy acetic acid), dicamba (3,6 dicloro-O-anisic<br />acid), and picloram (4-amino 3,5,6-tricloropicolinic acid).<br />The emphasis of plant growth purposes decide the use of<br />growth regulator. Cytokinin is applied mainly for the purpose<br />of shoot, while auxin is mainly used for the purpose of root<br />and callus. The application of growth regulator application is<br />varied, depending on the genotype and physiological<br />condition of the plant. The existence of a certain growth<br />regulating substances can enhance growth regulator activity<br />of other substances. The type and concentration of the<br />appropriate growth regulators for each plant is not the same<br />because it depends on the genotype and physiological<br />condition of plant tissue. However so often both are<br />frequently required depend on the ratio/ratio of auxin<br />cytokines or vice versa. The existence of a certain growth<br />regulating substances can enhance growth regulator activity<br />of other substances. The type and concentration of the<br />appropriate growth regulators for each plant is not the same<br />because it depends on the genotype and physiological<br />condition of plant tissue. For the propagation, multiple and<br />adventive shoots along with embriosomatic formation could<br />be applied. The seedling is obtained from one somatic cell.<br />Here, strong auxin, such as dicamba and picloram 2.4-D, is<br />utilized for callus production. For this reason, seedling per<br />unit could be produced more than that of organogenesis.</p>