Phenomenon of Early Upper Palaeolithic Bladelet Assemblages in the Altai Mountains

Abstract

Purpose. The present study is devoted to the analysis, systematization, verification and generalization of data on “Aurignacian-like” bladelet assemblages of the Early Upper Palaeolithic of the Altai. In the regional context, this luminous phenomenon is considered the main component of the technocomplex of the Ust-Karakolian cultural tradition and even a cultural marker.Results. The study was based on the analysis of archaeological material from known Early Upper Palaeolithic sites in the region, published and archival data containing information on the chronology, stratigraphy and planography of the industries. As a result, the data on the bladelet component of the Ust-Karakolian complexes from Altai, their industrial and spatial contexts have been updated and supplemented. Materials from the Ust-Karakol-1 (excavation 1, horizon B) and Anui-2 (excavation 2, horizon B) sites were found to be the reference for preservation and information of this industrial group. In both cases, the bladelet strategy dominates the assemblage, clearly standing out against the back-ground of non-specialized blade and flake production. The age of the industry was determined to be around 37–34 thousand cal. BP using previously published and new radiocarbon dating data.Conclusion. According to the obtained data, the main problems of identification and research of the Ust-Karakolian sites in Altai are related to the peculiarities of the conditions of their formation. They were determined by the processes of active slope formation, which led to deformation, fragmentation or complete destruction of the original archaeological structures.