Author:
Malickaya Natal'ya,Shoykin Olzhas,Auzhanova Mariya
Abstract
Abstract. Purpose is to increase the total yield of forage crops for the preparation of multipurpose forages in the environmental conditions of the Akmola region of Kazakhstan. Scientific novelty. Introduce a zonal scheme for the use of forage crops for cutting. Under the influence of environmental factors and scientifically grounded mowing, we influence the elements of the structure of the crop as the number of stems per 1 m2; stem weight, g; height, cm, in order to increase the total yield for each crop and, in general, the total yield of green mass in the cutting scheme. Green mass of different development and, accordingly, chemical composition, is intended for the preparation of juicy and fortified feed. The production of meat and dairy products is based on the access of animals to high-quality, balanced and varied feed. In the Akmola region, it is recommended to cultivate corn (Zea mays), alfalfa variable (Medicago varia Mart), as well as a promising crop such as Trans-Baikal Knotweed (Aconogonon divaricatum (L.) Nakai) from traditional crops. Methods. The study “Cultivation of forage crops for different purposes: silage (corn, Trans-Baikal Knotweed), haylage (alfalfa, knotweed), vitamin-grass flour (alfalfa, knotweed), depending on the patterns of cutting use: 1 and 2” was carried out in conditions of a moderately arid steppe for three years from 2012 to 2015. The counts and observations were carried out in accordance with the methodological instructions of the V. R. Williams All-Russian Research Institute of Feed. The experimental data were processed by the method of mathematical statistics presented by B. A. Dospekhov. Results. Among the tested cuttings use schemes, the results on the yield of a multi-purpose crop and structural elements differed in scheme 2. Thus, in the Trans-Baikal knotweed, the total yield was 54.72 t/ha, in alfalfa, respectively, 19.12 t/ha, in corn 13.80 t/ha. We recommend using this scheme in years with optimal environmental conditions. The air temperature and precipitation affect the green mass of crops in different ways. Namely, on the yield of the Trans-Baikal Knotweed: at the level of R2yx*z – 43 %, alfalfa – 8 %, corn – 3 %. The supply of juicy and fortified fodder in the Akmola region will be 42 %, the remaining 58 % will be represented by roughage and grain waste.
Publisher
Urals State Agrarian University
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