Abstract
Topicality. With the development of endoscopic technology, minimally invasive interventions on the thyroid gland have been widely developed. The introduction of minimally invasive techniques into practice is associated with the desire to improve the cosmetic effect and reduce surgical trauma for patients. The aim: to study the most popular techniques used in minimally invasive thyroid surgery, to show the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, the likelihood of one or another postoperative complication depending on the method of surgical intervention on the thyroid gland. Material and methods: Among minimally invasive interventions, mini-approaches have become widespread: axillary, anterior thoracic, paraareolar, posterior, transoral. When performing video-assisted surgical interventions, an endoscopic stand, a standard set of instruments (clamps and scissors for endoscopic operations), retractors for creating an operating space are used. Results: Criteria for a differentiated approach to the choice of the method of minimally invasive surgical intervention on the thyroid gland have been substantiated. The main task when choosing a method of surgical intervention is its simplicity, the possibility of rapid development, economic efficiency, and safety. Conclusions: Ensuring the safety and correct technique of performing surgery with mandatory monitoring of the recurrent nerve, visualization of the parathyroid glands made it possible to obtain good clinical results in patients with this pathology.
Publisher
Grodno State Medical University