1. Environmental Health & Ecological Sciences, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 53, Ifakara, Tanzania.
2. School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein 2000, Republic of South Africa.
3. Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, United Kingdom.
4. School of Life Science and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania.