Spin Ice, Fractionalization, and Topological Order

Author:

Castelnovo C.1,Moessner R.2,Sondhi S.L.3

Affiliation:

1. SEPnet and Hubbard Theory Consortium, Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, United Kingdom

2. Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany

3. Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544;

Abstract

The spin ice compounds Dy2Ti2O7 and Ho2Ti2O7 are highly unusual magnets that epitomize a set of concepts of great interest in modern condensed matter physics: Their low-energy physics exhibits an emergent gauge field and their excitations are magnetic monopoles that arise from the fractionalization of the microscopic magnetic spin degrees of freedom. In this review, we provide an elementary introduction to these concepts and we survey the thermodynamics, statics, and dynamics—in and out of equilibrium—of spin ice from these vantage points. Along the way, we touch on topics such as emergent Coulomb plasmas, observable Dirac strings, and irrational charges. We close with the outlook for these unique materials.

Publisher

Annual Reviews

Subject

Condensed Matter Physics,General Materials Science

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