Affiliation:
1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215;
2. Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 16110 Prague 6, Czech Republic
Abstract
A survey is provided of recent progress in the understanding of singlet fission, a spin-allowed process in which a singlet excited molecule shares its energy with a ground-state neighbor to produce two triplet excited molecules. It has been observed to occur in single-crystal, polycrystalline, and amorphous solids, on timescales from 80 fs to 25 ps, producing triplet yields as high as 200%. Photovoltaic devices using the effect have shown external quantum efficiencies in excess of 100%. Almost all the efficient materials are alternant hydrocarbons of the acene series or their simple derivatives, and it is argued that a wider structural variety would be desirable. The current state of the development of molecular structure design rules, based on first-principles theoretical considerations, is described along with initial examples of implementation.
Subject
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Cited by
852 articles.
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