Free-Electron Lasers: New Avenues in Molecular Physics and Photochemistry

Author:

Ullrich Joachim123,Rudenko Artem12,Moshammer Robert1

Affiliation:

1. Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany;,

2. Max Planck Advanced Study Group, Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany;

3. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany

Abstract

Free-electron lasers are fourth-generation light sources that deliver extremely intense (>1012 photons per pulse), ultrashort (∼10−14 s = 10 fs) light pulses at up to kilohertz repetition rates with unprecedented coherence properties and span a broad wavelength regime from soft (∼10 eV) to hard X-ray energies (∼15 keV). They thus enable a whole suite of novel experiments in molecular physics and chemistry: Inspecting radiation-induced reactions in cold molecular ions provides unprecedented insight into the photochemistry of interstellar clouds and upper planetary atmospheres; double core-hole photoelectron spectroscopy offers enhanced sensitivity for chemical analysis; the dynamics of highly excited molecular states, pumped by vacuum ultraviolet pulses, can be inspected; and vacuum ultraviolet or X-ray probe pulses generally hold the promise to trace chemical reactions along an entire reaction coordinate with atomic spatial and temporal resolution. This review intends to provide a first overview on upcoming possibilities, emerging technologies, pioneering results, and future perspectives in this exciting field.

Publisher

Annual Reviews

Subject

Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

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